Kolomenskoye
From Moscowiki
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[edit] Description
Kolomenskoye is a former royal estate situated several miles to the south-east of Moscow downtown, on the ancient road leading to the town of Kolomna (hence the name). The scenic area which overlooks the steep banks of the Moskva River became a part of Moscow in the 1960s.
[edit] History
Kolomenskoe village was first mentioned in the testament of Ivan Kalita (1339). But, according to archaeological evidence, the first settlement here was founded already 2.5 thousand years ago: it was so-called "Dyakovo gorodische", the oldest settlement found on the territory of modern Moscow. As the time went by, the village was developed as a favourite country estate of grand princes of Muscovy. Nowadays Kolomenskoe is an open-air museum of history and architecture, a reserved place, included in the UNESCO List of World’s Cultural and Natural Heritage. During the Soviet years, old wooden buildings were transported to Kolomenskoye from the Far North (the barbican church of the Nikolo-Korelsky Monastery), Siberia (the Bratsk Stockade Tower), and other areas (loghouses, windmills, a Dvina stone, etc). Some of these structures date back to the 17th century.
[edit] Architectural Monuments
The Church of the Ascension, dated 1532, is the oldest building of the architectural ensemble. Built by Vasily III to celebrate the birth of his son Ivan the Terrible, it amazes visitors with unusual tent roof, one of the first in Russia to be built from stone.15 years later, in 1547, the Church of St. John the Baptist was constructed to celebrate the enthroning of Ivan the Terrible. Some historians share an opinion that St. Basil’s Cathedral and this church were constructed by the same architects, known as Barma and Postnik. 17th-century Kazanskaya Church, a rare example of early Baroque Style, houses iconostasis of great historical and artistic value. Among the other historical monuments in Kolomenskoe are the bell-tower of St. George (16th century), the Falcon Tower (1627) and Peter the Great’s cabin (1702), brought here from Arkhangelsk. Some of the architectural monuments house the museum’s expositions, changed from time to time.
[edit] Wooden Palace
Tsar Alexey Mihailovich had all the previous wooden structures in Kolomenskoe demolished and replaced them with a new great wooden palace, famed for its fanciful, fairy-tale roofs. The foreigners referred to this huge maze of intricate corridors and 250 rooms, built without using saws, nails, or hooks, as 'an eighth wonder of the world'. The future Empress Elizabeth Petrovna was born in the palace in 1709. Upon departure of the court for St.- Petersburg, the palace got dilapidated, so that Catherine the Great refused to make it her Moscow residence. On her orders the palace was demolished in 1768. Fortunately a wooden model of the palace survives, and the Moscow Government is considering plans of its full-scale reconstruction.
[edit] Photos
